by footloose » Mon Dec 19, 2011 04:06:02 PM
Every time a creditor reports to a credit reporting agency, they must assign a rating to that debt obligation. The ratings are shown as "R" for a revolving account ( such as a credit card ) or "I" for an instalment account ( such as a bank loan ). The numbers start at "0" for an account that is usually less than 3 months old ( meaning too new to rate ), then the numbers go from "1" ( meaning the account is current and up to date ) to "9" (meaning the account is in default and has been for 180 days, with comments such as Bad Debt, Unable to Locate, Written Off or Included in Bankruptcy ).. Currently, there is no number "6" in the ratings.
Now here is where the confusion begins. Just because a creditor has assigned a "9" rating to a debt doesn't necessarily mean that this debt has been sold to a collection agency or a debt buyer. It is not uncommon for a creditor to assign a "9" rating to a debt and still retain ownership of that debt. The assignment of a "9" rating to a debt is solely for the purpose of reporting purposes only to a credit reporting agency
Any reader of a Credit Report who sees a debt shown as a "9" rating can only conclude that this debt has been in default for at least 180 days, if not longer. The reader usually has no knowledge of who owns this debt and normally doesn't care.
In regards to a "Right of Setoff", a right that is conferred upon lending institutions and both the Federal and Provincial governments, that right can only be exercised providing the creditor still retains ownership of that debt. Once the ownership of that debt is either sold or transferred to a third party, the original creditor can no longer exercise its "Right of Setoff". However, if the original creditor simply writes off this debt on its books as a "Bad Debt", the creditor still retains the "Right of Setoff" because this debt has NOT been sold or transferred. The writeoff of a debt is simply an accounting entry in order to remove a Bad Debt showing as a current receivable on its Balance Sheet. Again, it is not uncommon for a lending institution to make a partial recovery on a debt that had previously been "written off". In this case, any monies received on a debt that was previously "written off" must be shown as income.
Lending Institutions and governments are notorious for making mistakes and sloppy and incorrect reporting to credit reporting agencies. The same can be said for not exercising their "Right of Setoff". The "Right of Setoff" exercised by a financial institution is not automatic by any means. Defaulted debts must be closely monitored and sometimes they just "fall through the cracks". Lending institutions today are far more customer friendly than they were even 10 years ago and they hesitate to exercise their "Right of Setoff", thereby upsetting a customer, if they can resolve this problem using moral suasion and working with the debtor in a more pervasive manner such as accepting a lesser amount in full settlement of the debt.
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